58 7.9 Grammar: Simple Future Tense
Simple Future Tense Video
Lecture: The Simple Future Tense
Structure
Verb stem + future marker
Use of Future Markers with Different Subjects
Future markers are used based on the number, person and gender features of the agreeing subject.
| Person | Singular Pronoun | Habitual markers
Masculine/Feminine |
Plural pronoun | Habitual markers
Masculine/Feminine |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st | рдореИрдВ “I” | -рдКрдБрдЧрд╛/-рдКрдБрдЧреА | рд╣рдо “We” | -рдПрдВрдЧреЗ/-рдПрдВрдЧреА |
| 2nd | рддреВ “You” | -рдПрдЧрд╛/-рдПрдЧреА | NA | |
| 3rd | рддреБрдо “You” | -рдУрдЧреЗ/-рдУрдЧреА | рддреБрдо (рд▓реЛрдЧ) “You” | -рдУрдЧреЗ/-рдУрдЧреА |
| рдЖрдк “You” | -рдПрдВрдЧреЗ/-рдПрдВрдЧреА | рдЖрдк (рд▓реЛрдЧ) “You” | -рдПрдВрдЧреЗ/-рдПрдВрдЧреА | |
| рдпрд╣/рд╡рд╣ “S/he,” and singular noun | -рдПрдЧрд╛/-рдПрдЧреА | рдпреЗ/рд╡реЗ “They,” and plural nouns | -рдПрдВрдЧреЗ/-рдПрдВрдЧреА |
Note:
(a) When subject of a sentence is of mixed gender please use plural masculine aspect marker.
(b) When the verb stem ends in consonant then vowels of the aspect markers are marked as dependent vowels. For example: рдмреЛрд▓реВрдВрдЧреА, рдкрдврд╝реЗрдЧрд╛, рдЦреЗрд▓реЗрдВрдЧреЗ, рдмреЛрд▓реЛрдЧреА, etc.
(c) When the verb stem ends in vowel then the aspect markers рдКрдБрдЧрд╛/рдКрдБрдЧреА and рдУрдЧреЗ/рдУрдЧреА are just attached. For example: рдЬрд╛рдКрдБрдЧреА, рдЖрдУрдЧреЗ, рдЦрд╛рдКрдБрдЧрд╛, etc.
(d) When the verb stem ends in vowel then the aspect markers рдПрдЧрд╛/рдПрдЧреА and рдПрдВрдЧреЗ/рдПрдВрдЧреА are attached using a semi-consonant рдп. For example: рдЬрд╛рдпреЗрдЧрд╛, рдЖрдпреЗрдВрдЧреА, рдЦрд╛рдпреЗрдЧреА, etc.
Negation of Progressive Aspect
In order to change progressive aspect sentences in negative, we use the word рдирд╣реАрдВ right before the verb.
Examples:
- рд▓рдбрд╝рдХрд┐рдпрд╛рдВ рдлреБрдЯрдмреЙрд▓ рдЦреЗрд▓реЗрдВрдЧреА | “Girls will play football.”
- рд▓рдбрд╝рдХрд┐рдпрд╛рдВ рдлреБрдЯрдмреЙрд▓ рдирд╣реАрдВ рдЦреЗрд▓реЗрдВрдЧреА | “Girls will not play football.”
- рдЖрдк рдЕрдкрдирд╛ рдХрдорд░рд╛ рд╕рд╛рдлрд╝ рдХрд░реЗрдВрдЧреЗ | “You will clean your room.”
- рдЖрдк рдЕрдкрдирд╛ рдХрдорд░рд╛ рд╕рд╛рдлрд╝ рдирд╣реАрдВ рдХрд░реЗрдВрдЧреЗ | “You will not clean your room.”
Uses of Future Tense
(a) To express future actions.
Examples:
- рдХрд▓ рдмрд╛рд░рд┐рд╢ рд╣реЛрдЧреА | “It will rain tomorrow.”
- рд╕рдм рд▓реЛрдЧ рдШрд░ рдЬрд╛рдпреЗрдВрдЧреЗ | “Everyone will go home.”
- рд╕реАрддрд╛ рдФрд░ рдЧреАрддрд╛ рдПрдХ рдлрд╝рд┐рд▓реНрдо рджреЗрдЦреЗрдВрдЧреА | “Sita and Geeta will watch a film.”
Activity:
Please add five more examples here. After writing your examples please change your sentences in negative too.
| Examples | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1. | ||
| 2. | ||
| 3. | ||
| 4. | ||
| 5. |
(b) To express assumption/presumption
Examples:
- рд╢рд╛рдпрдж рдХрд▓ рдмрд░реНрдлрд╝рдмрд╛рд░реА рд╣реЛрдЧреА | “Perhaps, it will snow tomorrow.”
- рдЕрдЧрд▓реЗ рд╕рд╛рд▓, рдореИрдВ рд╣рд┐рдиреНрджреБрд╕реНрддрд╛рди рдЬрд╛рдКрдБрдЧреА | “Next year, I will go to India.”
- рдХрд▓ рд╕реАрддрд╛ рдФрд░ рдЧреАрддрд╛ рдореБрдЭрд╕реЗ рдорд┐рд▓реЗрдВрдЧреА | “Sita and Geeta will meet me tomorrow.”
Activity:
Please add five more examples here. After writing your examples please change your sentences in negative too.
| Examples | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1. | ||
| 2. | ||
| 3. | ||
| 4. | ||
| 5. |
Activities
(a) Please choose the correct form of future aspect markers based on the subject of the sentence.
рдзрдиреНрдпрд╡рд╛рдж !
