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30 4.6 Post-positions

Post-Positions Video

Instructor Video: Post-positions

English has a class of words called тАЬprepositionsтАЭ. Prepositions are the words that precede a phrase and indicate a relationship between the phrase and another word in the sentence. Hindi has a similar class of words known as тАЬpost-positionsтАЭ. As the name implies, post-positions come after the word they modify. In other respects, however, they are very similar to prepositions in English.

Simple Post-positions

Simple post-positions consist of a single word.

Examples

Post-position English Examples
Hindi English
рдореЗрдВ in рдореЗрд░реЗ рд╢рд╣рд░ рдореЗрдВ In my town
рдкрд░ on, рдореЗрдЬрд╝ рдкрд░ On a table
at рдШрд░ рдкрд░ At home
рд╕реЗ from рднрд╛рд░рдд рд╕реЗ from India
by рдЯреНрд░реЗрди рд╕реЗ by train
with рдХрд▓рдо рд╕реЗ with a pen
since рдмрдЪрдкрди рд╕реЗ since childhood
рдХрд╛/рдХреА/ рдХреЗ ‘s рд╕реЛрдиреЗ рдХрд╛ рдХрдорд░рд╛
рдШрд░ рдХреА рдЦрд┐рдбрд╝рдХреА
рдШрд░ рдХреЗ рд▓реЛрдЧ
bed room

House’s window (window of a house)
House’s people (people of a house)

рдХреЛ  to рд▓рдбрд╝рдХреЗ рдХреЛ
рдЖрдк рдХреЛ
to a boy

to you

Compound Post-positions

Hindi has many compound post-positions as well. Compound post-positions consist of two or more words. Most compound post-positions begin with the post-position рдХреЗ, рдХреА, or рд╕реЗ.

Examples

Post-position English Examples
Hindi English
x рдХреЗ рд▓рд┐рдпреЗ for x рдШрд░ рдХреЗ рд▓рд┐рдпреЗ For house
x рдХреЗ рдмрд╛рд░реЗ рдореЗрдВ about x рд╢рд╣рд░ рдХреЗ рдмрд╛рд░реЗ рдореЗрдВ About town
x рдХреА рд╡рдЬрд╣ рд╕реЗ / рдХреЗ рдХрд╛рд░рдг because of x рдЖрдк рдХреА рд╡рдЬрд╣ рд╕реЗ / рдХреЗ рдХрд╛рд░рдг Because of you
x рд╕реЗ рджреВрд░ far from x рдШрд░ рд╕реЗ рджреВрд░ far from home
x рдХреЗ рдирдЬрд╝рджреАрдХ / рдкрд╛рд╕ near x рдШрд░ рдХреЗ рдирдЬрд╝рджреАрдХ / рдкрд╛рд╕ near home
x рд╕реЗ / рдХреЗ рдкрд╣рд▓реЗ before x рд╕реНрдХреВрд▓ рд╕реЗ / рдХреЗ рдкрд╣рд▓реЗ before school
x рдХреЗ рдмрд╛рд╣рд░ outside x рдШрд░ рдХреЗ рдмрд╛рд╣рд░ outside home
x рдХреЗ рдЕрдВрджрд░ inside the x рдШрд░ рдХреЗ рдЕрдВрджрд░ inside the home
x рдХреЗ рдмрд╛рдж after x рд╕реНрдХреВрд▓ рдХреЗ рдмрд╛рдж after school
x рдХреЗ рдКрдкрд░ above/ on/ on top of x рдШрд░ рдХреЗ рдКрдкрд░ above/ on/ on top of home
x рдХреЗ рдиреАрдЪреЗ under/ beneath/ below x рдЫрдд рдХреЗ рдиреАрдЪреЗ under/ beneath/ below roof
x рдХреА рддрд░рдлрд╝ towards x рдЖрдк рдХреА рддрд░рдлрд╝ towards you
x рдХреЗ рд╕рд╛рдордиреЗ in front of x рдЖрдк рдХреЗ рд╕рд╛рдордиреЗ in front of you
x рдХреЗ рдкреАрдЫреЗ behind x рдЖрдк рдХреЗ рдкреАрдЫреЗ behind you
x рдХреЗ рдЖрдЧреЗ ahead of x рдЖрдк рдХреЗ рдЖрдЧреЗ ahead of you
x рдХреЗ рд╕рд╛рде together with/ with/ along with x рдЖрдк рдХреЗ рд╕рд╛рде together with/ with/ along with you
x рдФрд░ y рдХреЗ рдмреАрдЪ between x and y рд╕реНрдХреВрд▓ рдФрд░ рдШрд░ рдХреЗ рдмреАрдЪ between school and home

Test yourself

Fill in the blanks with suitable post-position.

рдзрдиреНрдпрд╡рд╛рдж !

definition

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