{"id":80,"date":"2026-01-07T07:10:27","date_gmt":"2026-01-07T07:10:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ibooks.braou.ac.in\/oerforbraouodl\/?post_type=chapter&p=80"},"modified":"2026-01-20T10:11:44","modified_gmt":"2026-01-20T10:11:44","slug":"botany-bio-fertilisers","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/ibooks.braou.ac.in\/oerforbraouodl\/chapter\/botany-bio-fertilisers\/","title":{"raw":"Botany - Biofertilizer Technology","rendered":"Botany – Biofertilizer Technology"},"content":{"raw":"\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
1<\/td>\r\n\r\n

Nitrogen Fixing Bio-Fertilizers- Unit-1:<\/strong><\/p>\r\nClassifications of Nitrogen Biofertilizers- Unit-1:<\/strong>\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nAdvantages of Nitrogen Biofertilizers- Unit-1:<\/strong>\r\n\r\n <\/td>\r\n

1. \"Introduction to Biofertilizers: || Microbes as Biofertilizers\"<\/a>\u00a0by\u00a0Botany Main Studio\u00a0is licensed under\u00a0CC BY 4.0<\/a>\r\n\r\n2.\"Mechanism of Nitrogen Fixation \"<\/a>\u00a0by\u00a0Dr Geeta\u00a0is licensed under\u00a0CC BY 4.0<\/a><\/td>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
1.1 \"Agricultural bacteriology;\"<\/a>\u00a0by\u00a0Conn, H. W. (Herbert William)\u00a0is in the\u00a0Public Domain, CC0<\/a>\r\n\r\n1.2 \"Clostridium difficile\"<\/a>\u00a0by\u00a0CDC\/ James Archer\u00a0is licensed under\u00a0CC BY-SA 4.0<\/a>\r\n\r\n1.3 \"Anabaena sphaerica\"<\/a>\u00a0by\u00a0Patrioter6\u00a0is licensed under\u00a0CC BY-SA 4.0<\/a>\r\n\r\n1.4 \"Cyanobact\u00e9ries - Nostoc -\"<\/a>\u00a0by\u00a0Philippe Garcelo\u00a0is licensed under\u00a0CC BY 2.0<\/a>\r\n\r\n\"Root nodules\"<\/a>\u00a0by\u00a0International Rice Research Institute (IRRI)\u00a0is licensed under\u00a0CC BY-NC-SA 2.0<\/a>\r\n\r\n\"Frankia alni\"<\/a>\u00a0by\u00a0Lebrac\u00a0is licensed under\u00a0CC BY-SA 4.0<\/a><\/td>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
\"Comparative Study of Nitrogen-Fixing Bacteria in Terrestrial and Aquatic Habitats: Insights and Future Prospects\"<\/a>\u00a0by\u00a0Goyal S, Kumar A, Sharma P, Gill A. R, Sharma A. K, Devi A, Sharma<\/a>\u00a0is licensed under\u00a0CC BY 4.0<\/a>\r\n\r\n\"A Sustainable Agriculture Method Using Biofertilizers: An Eco-Friendly Approach\"<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0by\u00a0SHARMA ET AL<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0is licensed under\u00a0CC BY 4.0<\/strong><\/a><\/td>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
2.<\/td>\r\nUnit:2<\/strong>\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nP-Solubilizing Bacteria<\/td>\r\n1.\"Biofertilizer\"<\/a>\u00a0by\u00a0Wikipedia audio\u00a0is licensed under\u00a0CC BY 4.0<\/a>\r\n\r\n\"Bacillus megaterium\"<\/em><\/strong><\/a>\u00a0by\u00a0Mihaela Marilena Stancu\u00a0is licensed under\u00a0<\/em><\/strong>CC BY-SA 4.0<\/em><\/strong><\/a>\r\n\r\n2.Supplementary\r\n\r\n\"Phosphorus solubilizing microorganisms: potential promoters of agricultural and environmental engineering\"<\/a>\u00a0by\u00a0Wang et al.\u00a0is licensed under\u00a0CC BY 4.0<\/a>\r\n\r\n <\/td>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
3.<\/td>\r\n \r\n\r\nUnit-3\r\n\r\nArbuscular mycorrhiza\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nEctomycorrhiza\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n\"orchid mycorrhiza<\/td>\r\n1.\"Mycorrhizal Fungi and Agriculture\"<\/a>\u00a0by\u00a0The Hidden World of Microbes\u00a0is licensed under\u00a0CC BY 4.0<\/a>\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n2.\"arbuscular mycorrhiza, Glomeromycota\"<\/a>\u00a0by\u00a0M. Piepenbring\u00a0is licensed under\u00a0CC BY-SA 4.0<\/a>\r\n\r\n3.\"Ectomycorrhizal mycelium\"<\/a>\u00a0by\u00a0Andr\u00e9-Ph. D. Picard\u00a0is licensed under\u00a0CC BY-SA 4.0<\/a>\r\n\r\n4.\"orchid mycorrhiza root transverse section\"<\/a>\u00a0by\u00a0Prof. Meike Piepenbring\u00a0is licensed under\u00a0CC BY-SA 4.0<\/a><\/td>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
 <\/td>\r\n <\/td>\r\n <\/td>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
 <\/td>\r\nUnit-5<\/td>\r\n\"Basic Techniques in Microbiology - Liquid media Cultures\"<\/a>\u00a0by\u00a0Broadcast Biology\u00a0is licensed under\u00a0CC BY 4.0<\/a><\/td>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
 <\/td>\r\nUnit-6\r\n\r\nNitrogen fixation\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\r\n\"Genetics and Regulation of N\u2082 Fixation\"<\/a>\u00a0by\u00a0Boundless (now LumenLearning)\u00a0is licensed under\u00a0CC BY-SA 4.0<\/a><\/td>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
 <\/td>\r\nUnit-7<\/td>\r\n1.\"Solid State Fermentation\"<\/a>\u00a0by\u00a0Adrija Dutta\u00a0is licensed under\u00a0CC BY-SA 4.0<\/a>\r\n\r\n2: \"Adoption of circular economy principles can help in reducing the negative impact on natural resources\"<\/a>\u00a0by\u00a0Sandro Donnini et al.\u00a0is licensed under\u00a0CC BY 4.0<\/a>\r\n\r\n3.\"Compost Garbage Biological\"<\/a>\u00a0by\u00a01195798 (pixabay.com)\u00a0is in the\u00a0Public Domain<\/a>\r\n\r\n <\/td>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
<\/td>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
<\/td>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>","rendered":"\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
1<\/td>\n\n

Nitrogen Fixing Bio-Fertilizers- Unit-1:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Classifications of Nitrogen Biofertilizers- Unit-1:<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Advantages of Nitrogen Biofertilizers- Unit-1:<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n

1. “Introduction to Biofertilizers: || Microbes as Biofertilizers”<\/a>\u00a0by\u00a0Botany Main Studio\u00a0is licensed under\u00a0CC BY 4.0<\/a><\/p>\n

2.“Mechanism of Nitrogen Fixation “<\/a>\u00a0by\u00a0Dr Geeta\u00a0is licensed under\u00a0CC BY 4.0<\/a><\/td>\n

<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1.1 “Agricultural bacteriology;”<\/a>\u00a0by\u00a0Conn, H. W. (Herbert William)\u00a0is in the\u00a0Public Domain, CC0<\/a><\/p>\n

1.2 “Clostridium difficile”<\/a>\u00a0by\u00a0CDC\/ James Archer\u00a0is licensed under\u00a0CC BY-SA 4.0<\/a><\/p>\n

1.3 “Anabaena sphaerica”<\/a>\u00a0by\u00a0Patrioter6\u00a0is licensed under\u00a0CC BY-SA 4.0<\/a><\/p>\n

1.4 “Cyanobact\u00e9ries – Nostoc -“<\/a>\u00a0by\u00a0Philippe Garcelo\u00a0is licensed under\u00a0CC BY 2.0<\/a><\/p>\n

“Root nodules”<\/a>\u00a0by\u00a0International Rice Research Institute (IRRI)\u00a0is licensed under\u00a0CC BY-NC-SA 2.0<\/a><\/p>\n

“Frankia alni”<\/a>\u00a0by\u00a0Lebrac\u00a0is licensed under\u00a0CC BY-SA 4.0<\/a><\/td>\n

<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
“Comparative Study of Nitrogen-Fixing Bacteria in Terrestrial and Aquatic Habitats: Insights and Future Prospects”<\/a>\u00a0by\u00a0Goyal S, Kumar A, Sharma P, Gill A. R, Sharma A. K, Devi A, Sharma<\/a>\u00a0is licensed under\u00a0CC BY 4.0<\/a><\/p>\n

“A Sustainable Agriculture Method Using Biofertilizers: An Eco-Friendly Approach”<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0by\u00a0SHARMA ET AL<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0is licensed under\u00a0CC BY 4.0<\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n

<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2.<\/td>\nUnit:2<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

P-Solubilizing Bacteria<\/td>\n

1.“Biofertilizer”<\/a>\u00a0by\u00a0Wikipedia audio\u00a0is licensed under\u00a0CC BY 4.0<\/a><\/p>\n

“Bacillus megaterium”<\/em><\/strong><\/a>\u00a0by\u00a0Mihaela Marilena Stancu\u00a0is licensed under\u00a0<\/em><\/strong>CC BY-SA 4.0<\/em><\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n

2.Supplementary<\/p>\n

“Phosphorus solubilizing microorganisms: potential promoters of agricultural and environmental engineering”<\/a>\u00a0by\u00a0Wang et al.\u00a0is licensed under\u00a0CC BY 4.0<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n

<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
3.<\/td>\n <\/p>\n

Unit-3<\/p>\n

Arbuscular mycorrhiza<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Ectomycorrhiza<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

“orchid mycorrhiza<\/td>\n

1.“Mycorrhizal Fungi and Agriculture”<\/a>\u00a0by\u00a0The Hidden World of Microbes\u00a0is licensed under\u00a0CC BY 4.0<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

2.“arbuscular mycorrhiza, Glomeromycota”<\/a>\u00a0by\u00a0M. Piepenbring\u00a0is licensed under\u00a0CC BY-SA 4.0<\/a><\/p>\n

3.“Ectomycorrhizal mycelium”<\/a>\u00a0by\u00a0Andr\u00e9-Ph. D. Picard\u00a0is licensed under\u00a0CC BY-SA 4.0<\/a><\/p>\n

4.“orchid mycorrhiza root transverse section”<\/a>\u00a0by\u00a0Prof. Meike Piepenbring\u00a0is licensed under\u00a0CC BY-SA 4.0<\/a><\/td>\n

<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
 <\/td>\n <\/td>\n <\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
 <\/td>\nUnit-5<\/td>\n“Basic Techniques in Microbiology – Liquid media Cultures”<\/a>\u00a0by\u00a0Broadcast Biology\u00a0is licensed under\u00a0CC BY 4.0<\/a><\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
 <\/td>\nUnit-6<\/p>\n

Nitrogen fixation\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n

“Genetics and Regulation of N\u2082 Fixation”<\/a>\u00a0by\u00a0Boundless (now LumenLearning)\u00a0is licensed under\u00a0CC BY-SA 4.0<\/a><\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
 <\/td>\nUnit-7<\/td>\n1.“Solid State Fermentation”<\/a>\u00a0by\u00a0Adrija Dutta\u00a0is licensed under\u00a0CC BY-SA 4.0<\/a><\/p>\n

2: “Adoption of circular economy principles can help in reducing the negative impact on natural resources”<\/a>\u00a0by\u00a0Sandro Donnini et al.\u00a0is licensed under\u00a0CC BY 4.0<\/a><\/p>\n

3.“Compost Garbage Biological”<\/a>\u00a0by\u00a01195798 (pixabay.com)\u00a0is in the\u00a0Public Domain<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n

<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"menu_order":4,"template":"","meta":{"pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":["kumar"],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[63],"license":[],"class_list":["post-80","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry","contributor-kumar"],"part":3,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ibooks.braou.ac.in\/oerforbraouodl\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/80","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ibooks.braou.ac.in\/oerforbraouodl\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ibooks.braou.ac.in\/oerforbraouodl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ibooks.braou.ac.in\/oerforbraouodl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/ibooks.braou.ac.in\/oerforbraouodl\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/80\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":91,"href":"https:\/\/ibooks.braou.ac.in\/oerforbraouodl\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/80\/revisions\/91"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/ibooks.braou.ac.in\/oerforbraouodl\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/3"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/ibooks.braou.ac.in\/oerforbraouodl\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/80\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ibooks.braou.ac.in\/oerforbraouodl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=80"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ibooks.braou.ac.in\/oerforbraouodl\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=80"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ibooks.braou.ac.in\/oerforbraouodl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=80"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ibooks.braou.ac.in\/oerforbraouodl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=80"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}