{"id":77,"date":"2020-08-03T17:13:23","date_gmt":"2020-08-03T17:13:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ibooks.braou.ac.in\/aaohindiseekhein\/chapter\/grammar\/"},"modified":"2026-04-07T10:10:52","modified_gmt":"2026-04-07T10:10:52","slug":"grammar","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/ibooks.braou.ac.in\/aaohindiseekhein\/chapter\/grammar\/","title":{"raw":"2.6 Grammar: Gender and Number","rendered":"2.6 Grammar: Gender and Number"},"content":{"raw":"

Gender<\/span><\/h2>\n

Instructor Video: Gender<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n

In Hindi, nouns can be divided into two types of gender, namely \u092a\u0941\u0932\u093f\u0902\u0917<\/span> \"Masculine,\" and \u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940\u0932\u093f\u0902\u0917<\/span> \"Feminine.\" Like English, Hindi has natural gender such as boy and gild, man and woman. Unlike English though, Hindi has grammatical gender. For example: Book, table, etc, are female. Whereas, room, house, door, etc. are male.<\/p>\n

There is no certain rules to learn about gender assignment to particular noun in Hindi. Based on common observation, masculine and feminine nouns can be further classified in two subcategories as shown in the following table (1).<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
<\/td>\nMasculine<\/strong><\/th>\nFeminine<\/strong><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
Marked (Type 1)<\/strong><\/th>\nNouns that ends in -\u0906<\/span> \"-aa<\/em>.\"<\/td>\nNouns that ends in -\u0907\/\u0908<\/span> \"-i\/ii<\/em>.\"<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Examples<\/strong><\/th>\n\u0932\u0921\u093c\u0915\u093e<\/span> laRakaa<\/span><\/em> \"boy.\"\n\n\u0915\u092e\u0930\u093e<\/span> kamaraa<\/span><\/em> \"room.\"\n\n\u092c\u091a\u094d\u091a\u093e<\/span> bachchaa<\/span><\/em>\"boy child.\"\n\n\u0926\u0930\u0935\u093e\u091c\u093c\u093e<\/span> darawaazaa<\/span><\/em> \"door.\"<\/td>\n\u0932\u0921\u093c\u0915\u0940<\/span> laRakii<\/span><\/em> \"girl\"\n\n\u092c\u091a\u094d\u091a\u0940<\/span> bachchii<\/span><\/em> \"girl child.\"\n\n\u0916\u093f\u0921\u093c\u0915\u0940<\/span> khiRakii<\/span><\/em> \"window.\"\n\n\u0915\u0941\u0930\u094d\u0938\u0940<\/span> kursii<\/span><\/em> \"chair.\"<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Unmarked (Type 2)<\/strong><\/th>\nNouns that do not end in -\u0906<\/span> \"-aa<\/em>.\"<\/td>\nNouns that do not end in -\u0907\/\u0908<\/span> \"-i\/ii.<\/em>\"<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Examples<\/strong><\/th>\n\u0918\u0930<\/span> ghar<\/span><\/em> \"home.\"\n\n\u092b\u0932<\/span> pha<\/span><\/em>l \"fruit.\"\n\n\u0938\u0947\u092c<\/span> seb<\/span><\/em> \"apple.\"\n\n\u092a\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0915\u093e\u0932\u092f<\/span> pustakaalay<\/span><\/em> \"library.\"<\/td>\n\u0915\u093f\u0924\u093e\u092c<\/span> kitaab<\/span><\/em> \"book.\"\n\n\u092e\u0947\u091c\u093c<\/span> mez<\/span><\/em> \"table.\"\n\n\u0924\u0938\u094d\u0935\u0940\u0930<\/span> taswiir<\/span><\/em> \"picture.\"\n\n\u0915\u092e\u0940\u091c\u093c<\/span> kamiiz<\/span><\/em> \"shirt.\"<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Table 1. Sub-categories of Masculine and Feminine Gender<\/p>\n

But these rules have multiple exceptions such as:<\/p>\n\n

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Nouns ending in -\u0906<\/span> \"-aa\" but feminine.<\/p>\n\n<\/header>\n

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