{"id":291,"date":"2026-04-07T11:12:59","date_gmt":"2026-04-07T11:12:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ibooks.braou.ac.in\/aaohindiseekhein\/chapter\/chapter-8_grammar-%e0%a4%95%e0%a4%b0-construction\/"},"modified":"2026-04-07T11:12:59","modified_gmt":"2026-04-07T11:12:59","slug":"chapter-8_grammar-%e0%a4%95%e0%a4%b0-construction","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/ibooks.braou.ac.in\/aaohindiseekhein\/chapter\/chapter-8_grammar-%e0%a4%95%e0%a4%b0-construction\/","title":{"raw":"8.7 Grammar: \u0915\u0930 Construction","rendered":"8.7 Grammar: \u0915\u0930 Construction"},"content":{"raw":"\n<h2><span lang=\"hi\">\u0915\u0930<\/span> Construction Video<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\"><strong>Instructor Video: <a href=\"https:\/\/mediaspace.msu.edu\/media\/Chapter+8_Kar+Construction\/1_utjr8lbn\"><span lang=\"hi\">\u0915\u0930<\/span> Construction<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\nIn Hindi, <span lang=\"hi\">\u0915\u0930<\/span> is used to combine two or more actions which happen subsequently, and subject is the same of all these sentences. When we combine two or more verbs by using <span lang=\"hi\">\u0915\u0930<\/span> the aspect markers on the verbs is replaced by <span lang=\"hi\">\u0915\u0930<\/span> and only the last verb keeps its aspect and agreement markers. When multiple sentences are combined by using <span lang=\"hi\">\u0915\u0930<\/span> construction, the subject should be used just once.\n\nFor example:\n<ul>\n \t<li><span lang=\"hi\">\u092e\u0948\u0902 \u0938\u0941\u092c\u0939 \u0909\u0920\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0942\u0901 |<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><span lang=\"hi\">\u092e\u0948\u0902 \u0915\u0949\u092b\u093c\u0940 \u092a\u0940\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0942\u0901 |<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><span lang=\"hi\">\u092e\u0948\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0915\u0942\u0932 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0942\u0901 |<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><span lang=\"hi\">\u0915\u0930<\/span> construction: <span lang=\"hi\">\u092e\u0948\u0902 \u0938\u0941\u092c\u0939 \u0909\u0920\u0915\u0930 \u0915\u0949\u092b\u093c\u0940 \u092a\u0940\u0915\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0915\u0942\u0932 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0942\u0901 |<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n \t<li><span lang=\"hi\">\u0935\u0939 \u0938\u094d\u0915\u0942\u0932 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 |<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><span lang=\"hi\">\u0935\u0939 \u0939\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0926\u0940 \u092a\u0922\u093c\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 |<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><span lang=\"hi\">\u0935\u0939 \u0916\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0916\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 |<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><span lang=\"hi\">\u0915\u0930<\/span> construction: <span lang=\"hi\">\u0935\u0939 \u0938\u094d\u0915\u0942\u0932 \u091c\u093e\u0915\u0930 \u0939\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0926\u0940 \u092a\u0922\u093c\u0915\u0930 \u0916\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0916\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 |<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span lang=\"hi\">\u0915\u0930<\/span> with <span lang=\"hi\">\u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e<\/span> Conjunct Verb<\/h2>\nWhen <span lang=\"hi\">\u0915\u0930<\/span> comes with <span lang=\"hi\">\u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e<\/span> \u2018to do\u2019 verb the it changes in <span lang=\"hi\">\u0915\u0947<\/span>.\n\nFor example:\n<ul>\n \t<li><span lang=\"hi\">\u092e\u0948\u0902 \u0915\u093e\u092e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0942\u0901 |<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><span lang=\"hi\">\u092e\u0948\u0902 \u0915\u092e\u0930\u093e \u0938\u093e\u092b\u093c \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0942\u0901 |<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><span lang=\"hi\">\u092e\u0948\u0902 \u0906\u0930\u093e\u092e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0942\u0901 |<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><span lang=\"hi\">\u0915\u0930<\/span> construction: <span lang=\"hi\">\u092e\u0948\u0902 \u0915\u093e\u092e \u0915\u0930\u0915\u0947 \u0915\u092e\u0930\u093e \u0938\u093e\u092b\u093c \u0915\u0930\u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0930\u093e\u092e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0942\u0901 |<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span lang=\"hi\">\u0915\u0930<\/span> in Perfective Aspect<\/h2>\nIn perfective sentences, the use of <span lang=\"hi\">-\u0928\u0947<\/span> with subject depends on the last verb which comes with its perfective aspect and agreement markers.\n\nFor example:\n<ul>\n \t<li><span lang=\"hi\">\u092e\u0948\u0902 \u0909\u0920\u093e |<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><span lang=\"hi\">\u092e\u0948\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0949\u092b\u093c\u0940 \u092a\u0940 |<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><span lang=\"hi\">\u092e\u0948\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0915\u0942\u0932 \u0917\u092f\u093e |<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><span lang=\"hi\">\u0915\u0930<\/span> construction: <span lang=\"hi\">\u092e\u0948\u0902 \u0909\u0920\u0915\u0930 \u0915\u0949\u092b\u093c\u0940 \u092a\u0940\u0915\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0915\u0942\u0932 \u0917\u092f\u093e |<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n \t<li><span lang=\"hi\">\u092e\u0948\u0902 \u0909\u0920\u093e |<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><span lang=\"hi\">\u092e\u0948\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0915\u0942\u0932 \u0917\u092f\u093e |<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><span lang=\"hi\">\u092e\u0948\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0949\u092b\u093c\u0940 \u092a\u0940 |<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><span lang=\"hi\">\u0915\u0930<\/span> construction: <span lang=\"hi\">\u092e\u0948\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u0909\u0920\u0915\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0915\u0942\u0932 \u091c\u093e\u0915\u0930 \u0915\u0949\u092b\u093c\u0940 \u092a\u0940 |<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center\">Activity 1<\/h3>\nPlease combine the following sentences by using <span lang=\"hi\">\u0915\u0930<\/span> construction:\n<table class=\"grid\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse;width: 100%\" border=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 20%\"><span lang=\"hi\">\u0917\u0940\u0924\u093e \u0915\u093e\u092e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 |<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 3.4912%\">+<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 18.5115%\"><span lang=\"hi\">\u0917\u0940\u0924\u093e \u0906\u0930\u093e\u092e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 |<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 3.76185%\">=<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 54.2355%\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 20%\"><span lang=\"hi\">\u0924\u0941\u092e \u0916\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0916\u093e\u0913\u0917\u0940 |<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 3.4912%\">+<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 18.5115%\"><span lang=\"hi\">\u0924\u0941\u092e \u0918\u0930 \u091c\u093e\u0913\u0917\u0940 |<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 3.76185%\">=<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 54.2355%\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 20%\"><span lang=\"hi\">\u0924\u0941\u092e \u0926\u094c\u0921\u093c\u0947 |<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 3.4912%\">+<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 18.5115%\"><span lang=\"hi\">\u0924\u0941\u092e\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u092a\u093f\u092f\u093e |<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 3.76185%\">=<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 54.2355%\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 20%\"><span lang=\"hi\">\u0930\u093e\u0915\u0947\u0936 \u0928\u0947 \u0916\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0916\u093e\u092f\u093e |<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 3.4912%\">+<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 18.5115%\"><span lang=\"hi\">\u0930\u093e\u0915\u0947\u0936 \u0938\u094b\u092f\u093e |<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 3.76185%\">=<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 54.2355%\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 20%\"><span lang=\"hi\">\u092a\u0940\u091f\u0930 \u0928\u0947 \u0917\u093e\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u091a\u0932\u093e\u092f\u0940 |<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 3.4912%\">+<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 18.5115%\"><span lang=\"hi\">\u092a\u0940\u091f\u0930 \u0918\u0930 \u0906\u092f\u093e |<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 3.76185%\">=<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 54.2355%\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 20%\"><span lang=\"hi\">\u0909\u0938\u0928\u0947 \u0916\u093e\u0928\u093e \u092a\u0915\u093e\u092f\u093e |<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 3.4912%\">+<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 18.5115%\"><span lang=\"hi\">\u0909\u0938\u0928\u0947 \u0939\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0926\u0940 \u092a\u095d\u0940 |<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 3.76185%\">=<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 54.2355%\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 20%\"><span lang=\"hi\">\u0939\u092e \u0939\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0926\u0940 \u092a\u0922\u0947\u0902\u0917\u0947 |<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 3.4912%\">+<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 18.5115%\"><span lang=\"hi\">\u0939\u092e \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u091c\u093e\u092f\u0947\u0902\u0917\u0947 |<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 3.76185%\">=<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 54.2355%\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 20%\"><span lang=\"hi\">\u0909\u0938\u0928\u0947 \u091f\u0940. \u0935\u0940. \u0926\u0947\u0916\u093e |<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 3.4912%\">+<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 18.5115%\"><span lang=\"hi\">\u0935\u0939 \u0938\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0917\u092f\u093e |<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 3.76185%\">=<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 54.2355%\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 20%\"><span lang=\"hi\">\u0924\u0941\u092e \u092f\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0906\u0913\u0917\u0940|<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 3.4912%\">+<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 18.5115%\"><span lang=\"hi\">\u0924\u0941\u092e \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0930\u094b\u0917\u0940 ?<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 3.76185%\">=<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 54.2355%\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 20%\"><span lang=\"hi\">\u0935\u0939 \u0928\u0939\u093e\u092f\u093e |<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 3.4912%\">+<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 18.5115%\"><span lang=\"hi\">\u0909\u0938\u0928\u0947 \u0928\u093e\u0936\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e |<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 3.76185%\">=<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 54.2355%\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center\">Activity 2<\/h3>\nPlease separate these sentences which are combined by using <span lang=\"hi\">\u0915\u0930<\/span> construction.\n<table class=\"grid\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse;width: 100%\" border=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 33.3333%\"><span lang=\"hi\">\u092e\u0948\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0941\u092c\u0939 \u0909\u0920 \u0915\u0930 \u092e\u0941\u0939\u0901 \u0927\u094b\u092f\u093e |<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 4.51057%\"><span lang=\"hi\">\u0967.<\/span>\n\n\u0968.\n\n&nbsp;<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 62.156%\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 33.3333%\"><span lang=\"hi\">\u092e\u0948\u0902 \u092a\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u092a\u0940\u0915\u0930 \u0926\u094c\u0921\u093c\u0928\u0947 \u0917\u092f\u0940 |<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 4.51057%\"><span lang=\"hi\">\u0967.<\/span>\n\n\u0968.\n\n&nbsp;<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 62.156%\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 33.3333%\"><span lang=\"hi\">\u092e\u0948\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u0918\u0930 \u0906\u0915\u0930 \u0928\u093e\u0936\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e |<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 4.51057%\"><span lang=\"hi\">\u0967.<\/span>\n\n\u0968.\n\n&nbsp;<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 62.156%\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 33.3333%\"><span lang=\"hi\">\u092e\u0948\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0915\u0942\u0932 \u091c\u093e\u0915\u0930 \u0926\u094b\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0915\u0930 \u0915\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0938 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0917\u092f\u0940 |<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 4.51057%\"><span lang=\"hi\">\u0967.<\/span>\n\n\u0968.\n\n\u0969.\n\n&nbsp;<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 62.156%\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 33.3333%\"><span lang=\"hi\">\u092e\u0948\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0930\u0915\u0947 \u0916\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0916\u093e\u092f\u093e |<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 4.51057%\">\u0967.\n\n\u0968.\n\n&nbsp;<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 62.156%\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 33.3333%\"><span lang=\"hi\">\u092e\u0948\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u0918\u0930 \u0906\u0915\u0930 \u0906\u0930\u093e\u092e \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e |<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 4.51057%\"><span lang=\"hi\">\u0967.<\/span>\n\n\u0968.\n\n&nbsp;<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 62.156%\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 33.3333%\"><span lang=\"hi\">\u092e\u0948\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u0930\u094b\u091f\u0940 \u092a\u0915\u093e\u092f\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0916\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0916\u093e\u092f\u093e |<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 4.51057%\"><span lang=\"hi\">\u0967.<\/span>\n\n\u0968.\n\n&nbsp;<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 62.156%\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 33.3333%\"><span lang=\"hi\">\u092e\u0948\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u0916\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0916\u093e\u0915\u0930 \u091f\u0940. \u0935\u0940. \u0926\u0947\u0916\u093e |<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 4.51057%\"><span lang=\"hi\">\u0967.<\/span>\n\n\u0968.\n\n&nbsp;<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 62.156%\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 33.3333%\"><span lang=\"hi\">\u092e\u0948\u0902 \u091f\u0940. \u0935\u0940. \u0926\u0947\u0916\u0915\u0930 \u0938\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0917\u092f\u0940 |<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 4.51057%\"><span lang=\"hi\">\u0967.<\/span>\n\n\u0968.\n\n&nbsp;<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 62.156%\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 33.3333%\"><span lang=\"hi\">\u092e\u0948\u0902 \u0915\u0932 \u0938\u0941\u092c\u0939 \u0909\u0920\u0915\u0930 \u092b\u093f\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u092f\u0939\u0940 \u0915\u0930\u0942\u0901\u0917\u0940 |<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 4.51057%\"><span lang=\"hi\">\u0967.<\/span>\n\n\u0968.\n\n&nbsp;<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 62.156%\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><strong><span lang=\"hi\">\u0927\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0935\u093e\u0926 !<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n","rendered":"<h2><span lang=\"hi\">\u0915\u0930<\/span> Construction Video<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\"><strong>Instructor Video: <a href=\"https:\/\/mediaspace.msu.edu\/media\/Chapter+8_Kar+Construction\/1_utjr8lbn\"><span lang=\"hi\">\u0915\u0930<\/span> Construction<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>In Hindi, <span lang=\"hi\">\u0915\u0930<\/span> is used to combine two or more actions which happen subsequently, and subject is the same of all these sentences. When we combine two or more verbs by using <span lang=\"hi\">\u0915\u0930<\/span> the aspect markers on the verbs is replaced by <span lang=\"hi\">\u0915\u0930<\/span> and only the last verb keeps its aspect and agreement markers. When multiple sentences are combined by using <span lang=\"hi\">\u0915\u0930<\/span> construction, the subject should be used just once.<\/p>\n<p>For example:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span lang=\"hi\">\u092e\u0948\u0902 \u0938\u0941\u092c\u0939 \u0909\u0920\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0942\u0901 |<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"hi\">\u092e\u0948\u0902 \u0915\u0949\u092b\u093c\u0940 \u092a\u0940\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0942\u0901 |<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"hi\">\u092e\u0948\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0915\u0942\u0932 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0942\u0901 |<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"hi\">\u0915\u0930<\/span> construction: <span lang=\"hi\">\u092e\u0948\u0902 \u0938\u0941\u092c\u0939 \u0909\u0920\u0915\u0930 \u0915\u0949\u092b\u093c\u0940 \u092a\u0940\u0915\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0915\u0942\u0932 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0942\u0901 |<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><span lang=\"hi\">\u0935\u0939 \u0938\u094d\u0915\u0942\u0932 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 |<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"hi\">\u0935\u0939 \u0939\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0926\u0940 \u092a\u0922\u093c\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 |<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"hi\">\u0935\u0939 \u0916\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0916\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 |<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"hi\">\u0915\u0930<\/span> construction: <span lang=\"hi\">\u0935\u0939 \u0938\u094d\u0915\u0942\u0932 \u091c\u093e\u0915\u0930 \u0939\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0926\u0940 \u092a\u0922\u093c\u0915\u0930 \u0916\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0916\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 |<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span lang=\"hi\">\u0915\u0930<\/span> with <span lang=\"hi\">\u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e<\/span> Conjunct Verb<\/h2>\n<p>When <span lang=\"hi\">\u0915\u0930<\/span> comes with <span lang=\"hi\">\u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e<\/span> \u2018to do\u2019 verb the it changes in <span lang=\"hi\">\u0915\u0947<\/span>.<\/p>\n<p>For example:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span lang=\"hi\">\u092e\u0948\u0902 \u0915\u093e\u092e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0942\u0901 |<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"hi\">\u092e\u0948\u0902 \u0915\u092e\u0930\u093e \u0938\u093e\u092b\u093c \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0942\u0901 |<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"hi\">\u092e\u0948\u0902 \u0906\u0930\u093e\u092e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0942\u0901 |<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"hi\">\u0915\u0930<\/span> construction: <span lang=\"hi\">\u092e\u0948\u0902 \u0915\u093e\u092e \u0915\u0930\u0915\u0947 \u0915\u092e\u0930\u093e \u0938\u093e\u092b\u093c \u0915\u0930\u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0930\u093e\u092e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0942\u0901 |<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span lang=\"hi\">\u0915\u0930<\/span> in Perfective Aspect<\/h2>\n<p>In perfective sentences, the use of <span lang=\"hi\">-\u0928\u0947<\/span> with subject depends on the last verb which comes with its perfective aspect and agreement markers.<\/p>\n<p>For example:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span lang=\"hi\">\u092e\u0948\u0902 \u0909\u0920\u093e |<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"hi\">\u092e\u0948\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0949\u092b\u093c\u0940 \u092a\u0940 |<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"hi\">\u092e\u0948\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0915\u0942\u0932 \u0917\u092f\u093e |<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"hi\">\u0915\u0930<\/span> construction: <span lang=\"hi\">\u092e\u0948\u0902 \u0909\u0920\u0915\u0930 \u0915\u0949\u092b\u093c\u0940 \u092a\u0940\u0915\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0915\u0942\u0932 \u0917\u092f\u093e |<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><span lang=\"hi\">\u092e\u0948\u0902 \u0909\u0920\u093e |<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"hi\">\u092e\u0948\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0915\u0942\u0932 \u0917\u092f\u093e |<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"hi\">\u092e\u0948\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0949\u092b\u093c\u0940 \u092a\u0940 |<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"hi\">\u0915\u0930<\/span> construction: <span lang=\"hi\">\u092e\u0948\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u0909\u0920\u0915\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0915\u0942\u0932 \u091c\u093e\u0915\u0930 \u0915\u0949\u092b\u093c\u0940 \u092a\u0940 |<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center\">Activity 1<\/h3>\n<p>Please combine the following sentences by using <span lang=\"hi\">\u0915\u0930<\/span> construction:<\/p>\n<table class=\"grid\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse;width: 100%\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 20%\"><span lang=\"hi\">\u0917\u0940\u0924\u093e \u0915\u093e\u092e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 |<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 3.4912%\">+<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 18.5115%\"><span lang=\"hi\">\u0917\u0940\u0924\u093e \u0906\u0930\u093e\u092e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 |<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 3.76185%\">=<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 54.2355%\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 20%\"><span lang=\"hi\">\u0924\u0941\u092e \u0916\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0916\u093e\u0913\u0917\u0940 |<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 3.4912%\">+<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 18.5115%\"><span lang=\"hi\">\u0924\u0941\u092e \u0918\u0930 \u091c\u093e\u0913\u0917\u0940 |<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 3.76185%\">=<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 54.2355%\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 20%\"><span lang=\"hi\">\u0924\u0941\u092e \u0926\u094c\u0921\u093c\u0947 |<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 3.4912%\">+<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 18.5115%\"><span lang=\"hi\">\u0924\u0941\u092e\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u092a\u093f\u092f\u093e |<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 3.76185%\">=<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 54.2355%\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 20%\"><span lang=\"hi\">\u0930\u093e\u0915\u0947\u0936 \u0928\u0947 \u0916\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0916\u093e\u092f\u093e |<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 3.4912%\">+<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 18.5115%\"><span lang=\"hi\">\u0930\u093e\u0915\u0947\u0936 \u0938\u094b\u092f\u093e |<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 3.76185%\">=<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 54.2355%\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 20%\"><span lang=\"hi\">\u092a\u0940\u091f\u0930 \u0928\u0947 \u0917\u093e\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u091a\u0932\u093e\u092f\u0940 |<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 3.4912%\">+<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 18.5115%\"><span lang=\"hi\">\u092a\u0940\u091f\u0930 \u0918\u0930 \u0906\u092f\u093e |<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 3.76185%\">=<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 54.2355%\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 20%\"><span lang=\"hi\">\u0909\u0938\u0928\u0947 \u0916\u093e\u0928\u093e \u092a\u0915\u093e\u092f\u093e |<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 3.4912%\">+<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 18.5115%\"><span lang=\"hi\">\u0909\u0938\u0928\u0947 \u0939\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0926\u0940 \u092a\u095d\u0940 |<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 3.76185%\">=<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 54.2355%\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 20%\"><span lang=\"hi\">\u0939\u092e \u0939\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0926\u0940 \u092a\u0922\u0947\u0902\u0917\u0947 |<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 3.4912%\">+<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 18.5115%\"><span lang=\"hi\">\u0939\u092e \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u091c\u093e\u092f\u0947\u0902\u0917\u0947 |<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 3.76185%\">=<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 54.2355%\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 20%\"><span lang=\"hi\">\u0909\u0938\u0928\u0947 \u091f\u0940. \u0935\u0940. \u0926\u0947\u0916\u093e |<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 3.4912%\">+<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 18.5115%\"><span lang=\"hi\">\u0935\u0939 \u0938\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0917\u092f\u093e |<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 3.76185%\">=<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 54.2355%\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 20%\"><span lang=\"hi\">\u0924\u0941\u092e \u092f\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0906\u0913\u0917\u0940|<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 3.4912%\">+<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 18.5115%\"><span lang=\"hi\">\u0924\u0941\u092e \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0930\u094b\u0917\u0940 ?<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 3.76185%\">=<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 54.2355%\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 20%\"><span lang=\"hi\">\u0935\u0939 \u0928\u0939\u093e\u092f\u093e |<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 3.4912%\">+<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 18.5115%\"><span lang=\"hi\">\u0909\u0938\u0928\u0947 \u0928\u093e\u0936\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e |<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 3.76185%\">=<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 54.2355%\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center\">Activity 2<\/h3>\n<p>Please separate these sentences which are combined by using <span lang=\"hi\">\u0915\u0930<\/span> construction.<\/p>\n<table class=\"grid\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse;width: 100%\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 33.3333%\"><span lang=\"hi\">\u092e\u0948\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0941\u092c\u0939 \u0909\u0920 \u0915\u0930 \u092e\u0941\u0939\u0901 \u0927\u094b\u092f\u093e |<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 4.51057%\"><span lang=\"hi\">\u0967.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u0968.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 62.156%\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 33.3333%\"><span lang=\"hi\">\u092e\u0948\u0902 \u092a\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u092a\u0940\u0915\u0930 \u0926\u094c\u0921\u093c\u0928\u0947 \u0917\u092f\u0940 |<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 4.51057%\"><span lang=\"hi\">\u0967.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u0968.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 62.156%\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 33.3333%\"><span lang=\"hi\">\u092e\u0948\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u0918\u0930 \u0906\u0915\u0930 \u0928\u093e\u0936\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e |<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 4.51057%\"><span lang=\"hi\">\u0967.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u0968.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 62.156%\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 33.3333%\"><span lang=\"hi\">\u092e\u0948\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0915\u0942\u0932 \u091c\u093e\u0915\u0930 \u0926\u094b\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0915\u0930 \u0915\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0938 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0917\u092f\u0940 |<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 4.51057%\"><span lang=\"hi\">\u0967.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u0968.<\/p>\n<p>\u0969.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 62.156%\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 33.3333%\"><span lang=\"hi\">\u092e\u0948\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0930\u0915\u0947 \u0916\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0916\u093e\u092f\u093e |<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 4.51057%\">\u0967.<\/p>\n<p>\u0968.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 62.156%\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 33.3333%\"><span lang=\"hi\">\u092e\u0948\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u0918\u0930 \u0906\u0915\u0930 \u0906\u0930\u093e\u092e \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e |<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 4.51057%\"><span lang=\"hi\">\u0967.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u0968.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 62.156%\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 33.3333%\"><span lang=\"hi\">\u092e\u0948\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u0930\u094b\u091f\u0940 \u092a\u0915\u093e\u092f\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0916\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0916\u093e\u092f\u093e |<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 4.51057%\"><span lang=\"hi\">\u0967.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u0968.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 62.156%\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 33.3333%\"><span lang=\"hi\">\u092e\u0948\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u0916\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0916\u093e\u0915\u0930 \u091f\u0940. \u0935\u0940. \u0926\u0947\u0916\u093e |<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 4.51057%\"><span lang=\"hi\">\u0967.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u0968.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 62.156%\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 33.3333%\"><span lang=\"hi\">\u092e\u0948\u0902 \u091f\u0940. \u0935\u0940. \u0926\u0947\u0916\u0915\u0930 \u0938\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0917\u092f\u0940 |<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 4.51057%\"><span lang=\"hi\">\u0967.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u0968.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 62.156%\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 33.3333%\"><span lang=\"hi\">\u092e\u0948\u0902 \u0915\u0932 \u0938\u0941\u092c\u0939 \u0909\u0920\u0915\u0930 \u092b\u093f\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u092f\u0939\u0940 \u0915\u0930\u0942\u0901\u0917\u0940 |<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 4.51057%\"><span lang=\"hi\">\u0967.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u0968.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 62.156%\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><strong><span lang=\"hi\">\u0927\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0935\u093e\u0926 !<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":24,"menu_order":7,"template":"","meta":{"pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-291","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry"],"part":280,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ibooks.braou.ac.in\/aaohindiseekhein\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/291","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ibooks.braou.ac.in\/aaohindiseekhein\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ibooks.braou.ac.in\/aaohindiseekhein\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ibooks.braou.ac.in\/aaohindiseekhein\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/24"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/ibooks.braou.ac.in\/aaohindiseekhein\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/291\/revisions"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/ibooks.braou.ac.in\/aaohindiseekhein\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/280"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/ibooks.braou.ac.in\/aaohindiseekhein\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/291\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ibooks.braou.ac.in\/aaohindiseekhein\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=291"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ibooks.braou.ac.in\/aaohindiseekhein\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=291"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ibooks.braou.ac.in\/aaohindiseekhein\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=291"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ibooks.braou.ac.in\/aaohindiseekhein\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=291"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}