{"id":242,"date":"2026-04-07T11:12:29","date_gmt":"2026-04-07T11:12:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ibooks.braou.ac.in\/aaohindiseekhein\/chapter\/subject-with-%e0%a4%95%e0%a5%8b\/"},"modified":"2026-04-07T11:12:29","modified_gmt":"2026-04-07T11:12:29","slug":"subject-with-%e0%a4%95%e0%a5%8b","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/ibooks.braou.ac.in\/aaohindiseekhein\/chapter\/subject-with-%e0%a4%95%e0%a5%8b\/","title":{"raw":"5.6 Subject with \u0915\u094b","rendered":"5.6 Subject with \u0915\u094b"},"content":{"raw":"\n \n

Subject with \u0915\u094b<\/span> Video<\/h2>\n

Instructor Video: Subject with -\u0915\u094b<\/span><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n

In Hindi, subject can have a nominative case like English. Additionally, Hindi subject can also come with dative and ergative cases. Here, we are going to learn, subject with dative case. We use dative case when the subject is not a doer of an action, but an experiencer and\/or a beneficiary of an action. Dative case in Hindi is marked with \u0915\u094b<\/span> \"ko.<\/span>\"<\/p>\n

There are a few verbs that require dative subject with \u0915\u094b<\/span> marking. In this chapter, we are going to learn only three in details and I will mention a few others here too. But, you will encounter more verbs, adjectives and nouns that require subject with \u0915\u094b<\/span>, as you progress further in Hindi language learning journey. As subject is marked with dative case \u0915\u094b<\/span>, the verb agrees with the object of that sentence.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Verbs that require dative subject with \u0915\u094b<\/span> <\/strong><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
Hindi<\/span><\/th>\nEnglish<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
\u092a\u0938\u0902\u0926<\/span><\/td>\nlike<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0928\u093e\u092a\u0938\u0902\u0926<\/span><\/td>\ndislike<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f<\/span><\/td>\nneed<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u092a\u0938\u0902\u0926<\/span> \"to like.\"<\/h1>\n

When you like someone or something, you are not doing anything actively, but you are mere experiencer of something that is pleasing to you. Hence, the verb \"to like\" needs a subject in dative case with \u0915\u094b<\/span> marker. When subject receive a case marker \u0915\u094b<\/span> which is a post-position, the subject changes into oblique form.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Examples<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Hindi<\/strong><\/th>\nEnglish<\/strong><\/th>\nExplanation<\/strong><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
\u092e\u0941\u091d\u0947 \u091a\u093e\u092f \u092a\u0938\u0902\u0926 \u0939\u0948 |<\/span><\/td>\n I like tea.<\/td>\n\u092e\u0948\u0902<\/span> with \u0915\u094b = \u092e\u0941\u091d\u0947<\/span> in oblique, and verb \u0939\u0948<\/span> is agreeing with \u091a\u093e\u092f<\/span> \"tea.\" Literal translation of this Hindi sentence in English will be \"to me tea is pleasing.\" This pattern will follow for the rest of the examples given here.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u092e\u0941\u091d\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0930\u0947 \u091b\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092a\u0938\u0902\u0926 \u0939\u0948\u0902 |<\/span><\/td>\nI like my students.<\/td>\nHere, the verb \u0939\u0948\u0902<\/span> is agreeing with plural subject \u091b\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930<\/span> \"students.\"<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u092a\u0940\u091f\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u0939\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0926\u0940 \u092a\u0938\u0902\u0926 \u0939\u0948|<\/span><\/td>\nPeter likes Hindi.<\/td>\nHere, the verb \u0939\u0948<\/span> agrees with \u0939\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0926\u0940<\/span> \"Hindi.\"<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u092c\u091a\u092a\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902, \u092e\u0947\u0930\u0947 \u092d\u093e\u0908 \u0915\u094b \u0916\u093f\u0932\u094c\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0938\u0902\u0926 \u0925\u0947 |<\/span><\/td>\nIn childhood, My brother liked toys.<\/td>\nHere, the verb \u0925\u0947<\/span> agrees with \u0916\u093f\u0932\u094c\u0928\u0947<\/span> \"toys.\"<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u0928\u093e\u092a\u0938\u0902\u0926<\/span> \"to dislike.\"<\/h1>\n

Dislike is similar to like. Hence, the verb \"to dislike\" needs a subject in dative case with \u0915\u094b<\/span> marker. When subject receive a case marker \u0915\u094b<\/span> which is a post-position, the subject changes into oblique form.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Examples<\/strong><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
Hindi<\/strong><\/th>\nEnglish<\/strong><\/th>\nExplanation<\/strong><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
\u092e\u0941\u091d\u0947 \u0915\u0949\u092b\u093c\u0940 \u0928\u093e\u092a\u0938\u0902\u0926 \u0939\u0948 |<\/span><\/td>\n I dislike coffee.<\/td>\n\u092e\u0948\u0902 <\/span>with \u0915\u094b<\/span> = \u092e\u0941\u091d\u0947<\/span> in oblique, and verb \u0939\u0948<\/span> is agreeing with \u0915\u0949\u092b\u093c\u0940<\/span> \"coffee.\" Literal translation of this Hindi sentence in English will be \"to me coffee is displeasing.\" This pattern will follow for the rest of the examples given here.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u092e\u0941\u091d\u0947 \u092c\u0947\u0908\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0932\u094b\u0917 \u0928\u093e\u092a\u0938\u0902\u0926 \u0939\u0948\u0902 |<\/span><\/td>\nI dislike dishonest people.<\/td>\nHere, the verb \u0939\u0948\u0902<\/span> is agreeing with plural subject \u092c\u0947\u0908\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0932\u094b\u0917<\/span> \"dishonest people.\"<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u092a\u0940\u091f\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u0926\u094c\u0921\u093c\u0928\u093e \u0928\u093e\u092a\u0938\u0902\u0926 \u0939\u0948 |<\/span><\/td>\nPeter dislikes running.<\/td>\nHere, the verb \u0939\u0948<\/span> agrees with a verb that acts as a noun (object) \u0926\u094c\u0921\u093c\u0928\u093e<\/span> \"to run.\"<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u092c\u091a\u092a\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902, \u092e\u0947\u0930\u0947 \u092d\u093e\u0908 \u0915\u094b \u0917\u093e\u0921\u093c\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u0928\u093e\u092a\u0938\u0902\u0926 \u0925\u0940\u0902 |<\/span><\/td>\nIn childhood, My brother disliked cars.<\/td>\nHere, the verb \u0925\u0940\u0902<\/span> agrees with \u0917\u093e\u0921\u093c\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901<\/span> \"cars.\"<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Note: \u092a\u0938\u0902\u0926 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902<\/span> = \u0928\u093e\u092a\u0938\u0902\u0926<\/span> --<\/strong> I Hindi, native speakers tend to use negative marker \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902<\/span> with \u092a\u0938\u0902\u0926<\/span> to express dislike.<\/p>\n

For example:<\/p>\n\n